Systematic modeling of electrostatic radiation shields for deep space flight

Astronauts are exposed to a unique radiation environment during space missions. This is dominated by high charge and energy (HZE) ions with sources that include solar energetic particles (SEPs), galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), trapped electrons protons around planetary bodies substantial magnetic fields. Traditional shielding strategies aim reduce astronaut exposure increasing vehicle mass, but this ineffective for the extremely penetrating GCRs. Use of electromagnetic fields has been investigated previously, these studies have limited single point designs. The NASA Active Shielding project instead developed workflow includes fast accurate particle propagation code (Active Particle Pusher), which can be used rapidly evaluate efficacy many different permutations While some validation previously done, additional needed increase user confidence in simulation results involving more complicated electrostatic conductor configurations. In present study, we evaluated properties spherical electrode arrays planar grid structures against 2 MeV or 6 H+ 22.5 Fe6+ using ASPP, SIMION, COMSOL, compared laboratory-based measurements. Many numerical experiments were conducted reproduce experimental ion beam tests measure consequential reduction rate safe zone initial number ions. visualizations also found close agreement each other all considered voltage combinations applied structures. comparison allows us use models predict behavior complex at much larger scales not feasible laboratory environment.